N-Acetylcysteine (NAC): An Old Nutrient Attracts New Research;In a previous articel, I discussed why AIDS researchers. N- ACETYL CYSTEINE: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings. References: Hultberg, B., Andersson, A., Masson, P., Larson, M., and Tunek, A. Plasma homocysteine and thiol compound fractions after oral administration of N- acetylcysteine. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1. D., Moore, L., Kelso, R., and Butler, R. N- acetylcysteine, a novel treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Dig. Dis. Sci 2. 00. ![]() T., Poyhia, R., Raininko, E. N- acetylcysteine for the prevention of kidney injury in abdominal aortic surgery: a randomized, double- blind, placebo- controlled trial. Inoue, S., Yamamoto, I., Akieda, K., Sekiguchi, H., Otuka, H., Morita, S., Nakagawa, Y., and Inokuchi, S. Chudoku. Kenkyu 2. Ivanovski, O., Nikolov, I. Atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in uraemia - a new experimental model. M., Barnes, J., and Cooksey, P. Efficacy and tolerability of oral acetylcysteine (Fabrol) in chronic bronchitis: a double- blind placebo controlled study. J Int Med Res 1. 98. P., Wells, E., Beard, R. Predictors of outcome after acetaminophen poisoning in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 2. 00. 2; 1. Jensen, T., Kharazmi, A., Schiotz, P. O., Nielsen, H., Stenvang, Pedersen S., Stafanger, G., Koch, C., and Hoiby, N. Effect of oral N- acetylcysteine administration on human blood neutrophil and monocyte function. APMIS 1. 98. 8; 9. Jepsen, S., Herlevsen, P., Knudsen, P., Bud, M. ![]() ![]() Antioxidant treatment with N- acetylcysteine during adult respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective, randomized, placebo- controlled study. Crit Care Med 1. 99. Jiang, B., Haverty, M., and Brecher, P. N- acetyl- L- cysteine enhances interleukin- 1beta- induced nitric oxide synthase expression. Hypertension 1. 99. Pt 1): 5. 74- 5. 79. Negative N-acetylcysteine Side Effects, Contraindications, Drug Interactions and Warnings about Who Should not Use this Supplement. ![]()
![]() N- acetylcysteine versus AScorbic acid for preventing contrast- Induced nephropathy in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography NASPI study- a prospective randomized controlled trial. Am Heart J 2. 00. The toxicity of N- acetylcysteine in laboratory animals. Semin. Oncol 1. 98. Suppl 1): 1. 7- 2. Enhanced hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen in the alcoholic patient. Two case reports and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 1. Portal and systemic haemodynamic action of N- acetylcysteine in patients with stable cirrhosis. Gut 1. 99. 4; 3. 5(9): 1. R., Simpson, D., Hayes, P. Pharmacokinetics of N- acetylcysteine are altered in patients with chronic liver disease. Aliment. Pharmacol Ther 1. Kalebic, T., Kinter, A., Poli, G., Anderson, M. ![]() Men's Weight Loss Plans; Men's Build Muscle Plans; Women's Weight Loss Plans. Failure of N-acetylcysteine to reduce low-density lipoprotein oxidizability in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992;43.E., Meister, A., and Fauci, A. Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected monocytic cells by glutathione, glutathione ester, and N- acetylcysteine. Proc Natl. Acad. Sci U. S. A 2- 1- 1. 99. H., Yip, A., Fan, K., Lee, C. Acetylcysteine for prevention of acute deterioration of renal function following elective coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2- 5- 2. 00. Keays, R., Harrison, P. A., Forbes, A., Gove, C., Alexander, G. Intravenous acetylcysteine in paracetamol induced fulminant hepatic failure: a prospective controlled trial. BMJ 1. 0- 2. 6- 1. ![]() ![]() ![]() E., Boitte, S., Wilmotte, L., and De, Kock M. Acetylcysteine, coronary procedure and prevention of contrast- induced worsening of renal function: which benefit for which patient? Effects of N- acetylcysteine on respiratory muscle fatigue during heavy exercise. Respir. Physiol Neurobiol. Kerr, F., Dawson, A., Whyte, I. M., Buckley, N., Murray, L., Graudins, A., Chan, B., and Trudinger, B. The Australasian Clinical Toxicology Investigators Collaboration randomized trial of different loading infusion rates of N- acetylcysteine. Ann Emerg. Med 2. A prospective randomized trial of N- acetyl cysteine administration during cold preservation of the donor liver for transplantation. Ann. Hepatol 2. 00. Kharazmi, A., Nielsen, H., and Schiotz, P. N- acetylcysteine inhibits human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and oxidative metabolism. Int J Immunopharmacol. Khashab, M., Tector, A. Epidemiology of acute liver failure. Curr Gastroenterol. Rep. N- acetyl- cysteine treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. Kinscherf, R., Fischbach, T., Mihm, S., Roth, S., Hohenhaus- Sievert, E., Weiss, C., Edler, L., Bartsch, P., and Droge, W. Effect of glutathione depletion and oral N- acetyl- cysteine treatment on CD4+ and CD8+ cells. L., Poli, G., and Fauci, A. N- acetyl- cysteine is a potent suppressor of human immunodeficiency virus transcription in persistently infected cells. Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians 1. 99. N., and Stalenhoef, A. Failure of N- acetylcysteine to reduce low- density lipoprotein oxidizability in healthy subjects. Eur. J Clin Pharmacol 1. Koksal, H., Rahman, A., Burma, O., Halifeoglu, I., and Bayar, M. The effects of low dose N- acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjunct to cardioplegia in coronary artery bypass surgery. Anadolu. Kardiyol. Derg. N- acetylcysteine for patients with prolonged hypotension as prophylaxis for acute renal failure (NEPHRON). Crit Care Med 2. 00. Koramaz, I., Pulathan, Z., Usta, S., Karahan, S. C., Alver, A., Yaris, E., Kalyoncu, N. Cardioprotective effect of cold- blood cardioplegia enriched with N- acetylcysteine during coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac. Surg 2. Nebulization of N- acetylcysteine combined with a bronchodilator in patients with chronic bronchitis. Chest 1. 96. 8; 5. Kottgen, M., Busch, A. J., Greger, R., and Kunzelmann, K. N- Acetyl- L- cysteine and its derivatives activate a Cl- conductance in epithelial cells. Pflugers Arch 1. 99. Kramer, S., Dreisbach, L., Lockwood, J., Baldwin, K., Kopke, R., Scranton, S., and O'Leary, M. Efficacy of the antioxidant N- acetylcysteine (NAC) in protecting ears exposed to loud music. Helicobacter pylori treatment. South. Med J 2. 00. Kuleci, S., Hanta, I., Kocabas, A., and Canacankatan, N. The effect of different treatment modalities on oxidative stress in COPD. Adv. Ther 2. 00. 8; 2. Kusano, C., Takao, S., Noma, H., Yoh, H., Aikou, T., Okumura, H., Akiyama, S., Kawamura, M., Makino, M., and Baba, M. N- acetyl cysteine inhibits cell cycle progression in pancreatic carcinoma cells. Hum. Cell 2. 00. 0; 1. Contrast- induced nephropathy- -prevention and risk reduction. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. Lappas, M., Permezel, M., and Rice, G. N- Acetyl- cysteine inhibits phospholipid metabolism, proinflammatory cytokine release, protease activity, and nuclear factor- kappa. B deoxyribonucleic acid- binding activity in human fetal membranes in vitro. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab 2. 00. 3; 8. D., Mardikian, P., Malcolm, R., Myrick, H., Kalivas, P., Mc. Farland, K., Saladin, M., Mc. Rae, A., and Brady, K. Safety and tolerability of N- acetylcysteine in cocaine- dependent individuals. D., Myrick, H., Hedden, S., Mardikian, P., Saladin, M., Mc. Rae, A., Brady, K., Kalivas, P. Is cocaine desire reduced by N- acetylcysteine? Am J Psychiatry 2. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Lavoie, S., Murray, M. M., Deppen, P., Knyazeva, M. G., Berk, M., Boulat, O., Bovet, P., Bush, A. I., Conus, P., Copolov, D., Fornari, E., Meuli, R., Solida, A., Vianin, P., Cuenod, M., Buclin, T., and Do, K. Glutathione precursor, N- acetyl- cysteine, improves mismatch negativity in schizophrenia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 2. K., Moist, L., De. Rose, G., Harris, K. W., Elliot, J., and Forbes, T. Prevention of contrast- induced nephropathy in vascular surgery patients. Ann Vasc. Surg 2. Lemy- Debois, N., Frigerio, G., and Lualdi, P. Oral acetylcysteine in bronchopulmonary disease. Comparative clinical trial with bromhexine. Acta Ther 1. 97. 8; 4(2): 1. Treatment of pathological gambling. Curr Opin. Psychiatry 2. The effect of N- acetylcysteine on cyclophosphamide immunoregulation and antitumor activity. Semin. Oncol 1. 98. Suppl 1): 7- 1. 6. N- acetylcysteine has neuroprotective effects against oxaliplatin- based adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer patients: preliminary data. Support. Care Cancer 2. Linden, M., Wieslander, E., Eklund, A., Larsson, K., and Brattsand, R. Effects of oral N- acetylcysteine on cell content and macrophage function in bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy smokers. Eur. Respir. J 1. Effects of N- acetylcysteine on experimentally induced esophageal lye injury. Ann Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 1. 98. 5; 9. Pt 1): 4. 77- 4. 82. Long- term oral acetylcysteine in chronic bronchitis. Eur. J Respir. Dis. Suppl 1. 98. 0; 1. S., Barton, S., Lemoch, H., Kaiser, R., Kupfer, B., Sudhop, T., Spengler, U., and Sauerbruch, T. Sodium selenite and N- acetylcysteine in antiretroviral- naive HIV- 1- infected patients: a randomized, controlled pilot study. Eur. J Clin Invest 1. N- acetyl- cysteine: protective agent or promoter of gastric damage? Proc Soc Exp. Biol Med 1. Loutrianakis, E., Stella, D., Hussain, A., Lewis, B., Steen, L., Sochanski, M., Leya, F., and Grassman, E. Randomized comparison of fenoldopam and N- acetylcysteine to saline in the prevention of radiocontrast induced nephropathy. Effect of N- acetylcysteine on the ciliary beat frequency of human bronchial explants. Ann Allergy 1. 98. Lucantoni, G., Pietraforte, D., Matarrese, P., Gambardella, L., Metere, A., Paone, G., Bianchi, E. The red blood cell as a biosensor for monitoring oxidative imbalance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an ex vivo and in vitro study. Antioxid. Redox. Signal. Macedo, E., Abdulkader, R., Castro, I., Sobrinho, A. C., Yu, L., and Vieira, J. Lack of protection of N- acetylcysteine (NAC) in acute renal failure related to elective aortic aneurysm repair- a randomized controlled trial. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. A., Bazari, H., Patton, K. K., Colon- Hernadez, P., De. Joseph, D., and Jang, I. Prophylaxis of contrast- induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. Maioli, M., Toso, A., Leoncini, M., Gallopin, M., Tedeschi, D., Micheletti, C., and Bellandi, F. Sodium bicarbonate versus saline for the prevention of contrast- induced nephropathy in patients with renal dysfunction undergoing coronary angiography or intervention. N- Acetylcysteine: A Powerhouse Natural Remedy - A Woman's Time. Many people are aware of the use of N- acetyl cysteine (NAC) as an over the counter remedy to thin mucus secretions that often occur with colds, flus, sinusitis, or seasonal allergies. However, did you know that NAC is a powerhouse natural remedy that can be useful in a variety of diseases and conditions? N- acetyl cysteine is a readily available and inexpensive amino acid with years of validated scientific research behind it. NAC is a slightly modified version of the sulfur- containing amino acid cysteine. When taken internally, NAC replenishes intracellular levels of the natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH), helping to restore cells’ ability to fight damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is such an effective mucolytic, the term used for substances that are able to thin mucus secretions, that it has been patented into various pharmaceutical interventions. It has become a favorite treatment intervention for many naturopathic physicians because it is an inexpensive and effective treatment for a variety of complaints and conditions. In the area of women’s health, NAC is receiving increased attention in its role in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis. PCOS is a syndrome characterized by higher than normal circulating levels of testosterone (hyperandrogensim) and insulin (hyperinsulinaemia). PCOS leads to menstrual irregularities, anovulation, and is a major contributor to female infertility. NAC has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, restore normal menstrual cycles, normalize ovulatory cycles in women and improve fertility. It was also shown to work similarly to the conventional drug Metformin, which is impressive, as both treatments resulted in weight loss, a decrease in the excess body hair that often comes with PCOS, and improvements in cholesterol numbers. Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of cells (endometrial cells) similar to those that form the inside or lining the tissue of the uterus, but in a location outside of the uterus. It is a leading cause of pelvic pain and is estimated to contribute to approximately 2. Animal models have shown significant decreases in the number of endometrial implants and anti- inflammatory processes associated with endometriosis with supplementation of NAC. Observational studies in humans have found increased pregnancy rates, reductions in endometriosis cyst size, and relevant pain reduction in NAC treatment groups vs. NAC modulates several key neurotransmitters known to be involved in a range of mental health disorders and is also the precursor to glutathione, the major antioxidant molecule of the central nervous system. NAC may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, addiction, and obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD). Several studies have shown positive effect utilizing NAC in the treatment of bipolar depression. Significant reduction in bipolar depression and improvements in manic symptoms have been reported. Reductions in negative symptoms of schizophrenia have also been reported with supplementation of 1gram of NAC twice daily. NAC may also help curb addiction related cravings with both marijuana and cocaine. Reductions in gambling behaviors have been studied with pathological gambling addictions. NAC has also been studied in the treatment of OCD, with improvements seen in hair pulling (trichotillomania) and reductions in skin picking associated with Prader- Willis syndrome. Extrapolating positive findings for specific compulsions in OCD studies have led practitioners to begin using NAC in the treatment of generalized OCD symptoms. Historically, NAC has been used as a mucolytic in a variety of respiratory illnesses. Emerging data now indicates that NAC may also be a useful adjunct in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This is particularly exciting as COPD has very few treatment options available apart from daily steroid inhaler use. Increased oxidative stress and inflammation has a role in the pathogenesis of COPD and the antioxidant and anti- inflammatory effects of NAC may provide a useful therapeutic approach for COPD. New research has shown that supplementation with 6. NAC twice daily can prevent COPD exacerbations and improve small airway function. NAC may play a role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus due to its ability to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce fasting blood insulin levels. Emerging data also shows promise in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (kidney disease induced by diabetes). Diabetic nephropathy often results in abnormally high levels of protein in the urine, a result of high levels of circulating blood sugar damaging the kidney’s normal filtration abilities. A 2. 01. 3 study of type II diabetics showed a reduction in urine protein levels with NAC supplementation, suggesting improvements in kidney function. NAC is a promising natural remedy useful for the treatment of a variety of conditions. It is also safe, effective, inexpensive, and widely available, making it a superstar natural medicine.
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